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CROSS
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SKY DECEMBER 2017 - According to the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research in Leipzig, the Yangtze was the worst offender, reference research published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology. This Chinese river carries up to 1.5 million tonnes of plastic into the sea every year. In contrast, the Thames in the UK puts 18 tonnes of plastic into the ocean.
The Cross ....
Around ninety percent (90%) of plastics in the ocean comes from just 10 rivers. Nine of these rivers are located in Asia and one of them borders Thailand.
The top 10 most polluted rivers in the world have one thing in common – they are located alongside large human populations with poor waste management (PWM) systems.
HOLY GANGA - The Ganges is considered to be the fifth most polluted river in the world. It contains human waste and industrial contaminants, but provides water for about 40% of India's population, yet millions of Indians depending on it for their daily needs. In 2015 this river was considered to be the 2nd worst polluter.
Every
year the world, produces 300 million tonnes of plastics, and 8.8 million tonnes of these are dumped into the oceans. That’s about 40 billion plastic
bottles, 100 billion single-use plastic bags, and 522 million personal care items. If you know a seriously polluted river, or one that should be a candidate on a bigger list, please contact Cleaner Ocean Foundation.
The rivers noted, added to hundreds of other lesser contributors feed the five ocean gyres.
JAMBECK 2010 - Global map with each country shaded according to the estimated mass of mismanaged plastic waste [millions ofmetric tons (MT)] generated in 2010 by populations living within 50 km of the coast. 192 countries were considered. Countries not included in the study are shaded white.
LINKS & REFERENCE
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ABS - BIOMAGNIFICATION - CANCER - CARRIER BAGS - COTTON BUDS - DDT - FISHING NETS - HEAVY METALS - MARINE LITTER - MICROBEADS MICRO PLASTICS - NYLON - OCEAN GYRES - OCEAN WASTE - PACKAGING - PCBS - PET - PETROLEUM - PLASTIC - PLASTICS - POLYCARBONATE POLYOLEFINS - POLYPROPYLENE - POLYSTYRENE - POLYTHENE - POPS - PVC - SHOES - SINGLE USE - SOUP - STRAWS - WATER
AMAZON - AMUR - BRANTAS - BURIGANGA RIVER - CITARUM RIVER - CONGO - CROSS - DANUBE - DONG - CUYAHOGA - GANGA - GANGES - HAI HE -
HANJIANG - HUANGPU - IMO - INDUS - IRRAWADDY - IRTYSH - RIVER JORDAN - KWA IBO - LENA - MAGDELENA - RIVER MANTANZA-RIACHUELO
MARILAO - MEKONG - MISSISSIPPI RIVER - NIGER - THE RIVER NILE - PARANA - PASIG - PROGO - SARNO - SERAYU - SOLO - TAMSUI
THAMES - XI - YAMUNA - YANGTZE RIVER - YELLOW - ZHUJIANG PEARL
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